Dengue Fever: Know the Signs, Prevent the Bite, Protect Your Family

Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne viral infection that affects millions of people worldwide, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. During and after rainy seasons, mosquito breeding can increase, making dengue prevention especially important.

The good news is that many dengue infections can be managed successfully with proper medical care. Recognizing warning signs early and preventing mosquito bites can help reduce serious illness and limit the spread of dengue in the community.

How Does Dengue Spread?

Dengue is caused by the dengue virus and is mainly transmitted through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes, particularly Aedes aegypti.

These mosquitoes commonly breed in containers that collect water around homes and workplaces. Unlike some mosquitoes that mainly bite at night, dengue-carrying Aedes mosquitoes are active during the daytime as well.

Dengue does not normally spread directly from one person to another through ordinary contact such as touching, hugging, sharing food, or coughing.

Common Symptoms of Dengue

Symptoms usually begin several days after the bite of an infected mosquito. They may include:

• High fever

• Severe headache

• Pain behind the eyes

• Muscle, joint, or bone pain

• Nausea or vomiting

• Skin rash

• Tiredness and weakness

Some people may have mild symptoms, while others can become seriously ill.

Warning Signs: When to Seek Urgent Medical Care

A person with dengue can sometimes worsen even when the fever begins to come down. Seek urgent medical attention if warning signs develop, particularly:

• Severe or persistent abdominal pain

• Persistent vomiting

• Bleeding from the nose or gums

• Blood in vomit or stools

• Rapid breathing

• Extreme tiredness, weakness, or restlessness

• Pale, cold, or clammy skin

• Feeling faint or showing signs of shock

Severe dengue is a medical emergency and requires prompt treatment.

What Should You Do If You Suspect Dengue?

If you develop fever and think you may have dengue, consult a healthcare professional. Blood tests may be required depending on your symptoms and the stage of illness.

Rest and adequate fluid intake are important. Drink water and other appropriate fluids regularly to help prevent dehydration.

For fever and pain, paracetamol (acetaminophen) is generally used when appropriate. Avoid aspirin and medicines such as ibuprofen unless a healthcare professional specifically advises otherwise, because they can increase the risk of bleeding in dengue.

Do not self-medicate with antibiotics. Dengue is caused by a virus, so antibiotics do not treat the dengue infection itself.

Stop Mosquitoes From Breeding

Preventing mosquito breeding is one of the most effective ways communities can fight dengue.

Once every week, inspect your home and surroundings for standing water. Empty, clean, cover, or remove containers that can collect water, including buckets, flowerpot trays, discarded tyres, bottles, coconut shells, coolers, and other containers.

Keep water-storage tanks and containers tightly covered. Clear blocked drains and gutters, and dispose of rubbish that can collect rainwater.

Remember: even a small amount of stagnant water can become a mosquito-breeding site.

Protect Yourself From Mosquito Bites

Use mosquito repellent according to its label instructions and wear clothing that covers as much of the arms and legs as practical. Window and door screens can help keep mosquitoes outside, and mosquito nets can provide additional protection when needed.

Someone who has dengue should also try to avoid mosquito bites during the illness. This helps reduce the chance of mosquitoes acquiring the virus and subsequently transmitting it to other people.

Dengue Prevention Is Everyone's Responsibility

Dengue prevention begins at home but works best when the whole community participates.

A few minutes spent checking for standing water every week can make a meaningful difference. Families, schools, workplaces, neighbourhoods, and local authorities all have a role in reducing mosquito breeding.

Remember

No stagnant water. Fewer mosquitoes. Lower dengue risk.

Recognize the symptoms, watch carefully for warning signs, seek medical care when needed, and make mosquito control part of your weekly routine.